Which bow type features a simple design with limbs that curve away from the archer?

The recurve bow is characterized by its distinctive design where the limbs curve away from the archer when unstrung. This design allows the limbs to store more energy when drawn, resulting in faster arrow speeds once released. The recurve bow’s simple structure, often made from a single piece of wood or laminated materials, provides a balance of strength and flexibility, making it easy for archers to handle. Additionally, the curved shape enhances the bow’s efficiency, allowing for better performance at various draw lengths.

In contrast, although the compound bow features a more complex system with pulleys and cams, it does not have the signature limb curvature away from the archer's grip. The longbow, known for its straight, long limbs, does not have the same performance benefits as the recurve. Lastly, a crossbow, which is a different type of weapon entirely, operates on a horizontal system and does not possess limbs that curve in this manner. Thus, the recurve bow stands out as the correct answer due to its unique design elements that contribute to its performance.